Thursday, June 5, 2025

Foxfire

 

 

    The best travel finds are often the unplanned discoveries that you just stumble on.  A perfect example was our discovery of the Foxfire Museum in the Appalachian foothills of northeast Georgia. On our drive back home from Asheville, we were stopping in Atlanta for a night.  Shortly after entering Georgia, we saw a sign for the Foxfire Museum, which was not at all on our radar.  ( Museum Website )

    Not familiar with Foxfire?  Many who don't have interests in education  or southern history probably aren't.  Foxfire was founded in 1966 at the Rabun Gap-Nacoochee School, a private school that was also the public secondary school of Rabun County at the time.  A young English teacher named Eliot Wigginton had an innovative idea to engage his students in writing.  The idea was to publish a magazine consisting of interviews with their relatives and neighbors about Appalachian life and culture, specifically documenting traditions and stories that might otherwise have been lost as the world advanced into the region.  The students took photos and videos during interviews and demonstrations, and then they transcribed the interviews, documenting the language of the subjects, and wrote stories.  The resulting content is a mixture of how-to information, first-person narratives, oral history, and folklore. A rapidly disappearing culture was documented and preserved, older people felt heard and appreciated, and healthy young people showed their appreciation by helping out with a little labor every now and then.  

    A couple of hundred issues were published annually.  Around 1970, an issue somehow found its way into the hands of a publisher who proposed collecting articles into a single volume.  The original volume was published in 1972, and it became a bit of a surprise sensation.  Eleven more volumes of collected material and other books have followed.  In 1977, the project moved to the new public Rabun County High School, and it continues to operate to this day. A new class of students goes to work each year, collecting and publishing histories.

    Foxfire became well known as an example of "experiential education," decades before buzzwords like "project-based learning,"  "product-based," "applied learning," and "inquiry-based." I worked as a teaching assistant in the Georgia Southern University School of Education while completing my Masters degree, and one of the professors introduced me to the books, and I found copies in a local used book store.   The stories really resonated with me because could have been told by my ancestors.  Although my ancestors were farmers and sharecroppers in south Georgia and not Appalachian, the skills and traditions were the same. When we saw the sign for the museum, we knew we had to visit.

    The museum is an open air museum displaying dozens of authentic cabins, houses, and farm structures moved to one location from various locations in the area.  The structures are either furnished or filled with objects and displays.  There are often artisans at work demonstrating various crafts.  They also sell their works and conduct regular classes.  It was a wonderful way to spend half a day, and we were fortunate to have stumbled across it.  



 





One of the most affecting sites on the tour is a wagon shed housing this wagon, donated to the museum.  This wagon has a uniquely well-documented provenance.  Evidence shows that it was built in 1770 and used to move settlers to the area.  It was kept and maintained by the original family until the 1830s when it was requisitioned by the United States Army and used as a supply wagon on the Trail of Tears, accompanying the Cherokees on their forced march west.  It made its way back to the original family who maintained it for 150 years before donating it to Foxfire.


Les Barnett and Kelly Coldren are two of the artisans who demonstrate regularly and conduct classes at Foxfire.  Barnett makes banjos, guitars, and dulcimers out of found and discarded items.  (Facebook page )  Coldren is a fiber artist, spinning, dying, weaving and felt-crafting.  












Tuesday, June 3, 2025

Telling the Story at Oconaluftee - Cherokee North Carolina

 


    One of the biggest tourist attractions in Cherokee, North Carolina each summer is the outdoor drama Unto These Hills, which has brought the story of the Cherokee people to life for audiences for decades.  Next door to the theater, visitors can find Oconaluftee Indian Village.  Since the 1950s, Oconaluftee has presented guided tours and living history demonstrations designed to educate visitors about Cherokee life around and before the 1750s. ( Cherokee Historical Association Website )

    During our visit, we saw craftspeople work at finger-weaving, beading, pottery, woodworking, and weapons-making.


 





    Throughout the tour, our guide explained how Cherokees actually lived, dispelled "Hollywood stereotypes," and answered questions.  We saw examples of traps used in hunting and fishing and of the houses used before European contact, consisting of a stick framework covered in clay, the log cabins that became the fashion in the 1700s, and the community house.






    At regularly scheduled times during the day, the interpreters and guests gather at the ceremonial village center, where the interpreters demonstrate traditional dances and deliver talks about the seven clans of the Cherokee and how the clan system worked.  There are also talks at the community house about political and social structure of the community.


Bear dance

Bison dance (A slightly smaller bison subspecies was commonly found east of the Appalachians  unitl hunted to extinction around 1800.)

Bullfrog dance

    The Oconaluftee Indian Village is a great educational experience.





















Sunday, June 1, 2025

Who Tells the Story? The Museum of the Cherokee People in Cherokee, North Carolina

 



    We all know that history is not a hard science.  Real history is not just a compilation of facts; real history is, and always has been and always will be, shaded by interpretation.  Every single time history has been related, it has been shaped somehow by the both the tellers and their audience- sometimes intentionally and consciously, but mostly subconsciously, sometimes by distortion or omission, but also by benign ignorance.  One always has to be aware of who is telling the story; that's often as important as the story being told, if not more so.

    With all that said as a preface:  I had never been to Cherokee North Carolina, the home of the Eastern Band of the Cherokee - the descendants of those Cherokee who successfully resisted and escaped the forced removal of eastern tribes to Indian Territory during the 1830s, known as the Trail of Tears.  Growing up, I heard stories from visitors and saw photos and descriptions of Cherokee that troubled me.  Even as a child, I recognized Hollywood stereotyping of Native Americans and knew that all Native Americans did not share the same lifestyle.  When I got my playsets of little plastic cowboys and Indians, I knew that they were not historically accurate.  For example, I knew that the Cherokee and Creek Indians of my native Georgia would have no idea what totem poles, teepees, and birchbark canoes were and that they wouldn't wear long-flowing war bonnets made of eagle feathers and that they weren't the greatest horsemen, always chasing bison.  Yet, I saw all those things when I saw Native Americans in general, and Cherokees in particular, "mascot-ized."  For example, my South Georgia high school's mascots were "Indians." Every single depiction of our mascot was a Plains-Indian, teepees, tomahawks, horses, war bonnets, horses etc.  Nothing at all connected our "Indians" to actual Georgia Indians, not the Cherokee (or the Creeks who actually lived closer to our area).  What I heard of Cherokee North Carolina fit that faulty narrative, with stories of stereotypes and cheap plastic souvenirs made in China or Japan.  

    The point is that I had avoided going to Cherokee all my life until last month, when we visited Asheville and the Biltmore.  Cherokee is only an hour west of Asheville, so we decided to visit.  We ended up having a very educational and enjoyable day. 

    The Museum is in the beginning of a major transition that will take years to complete, with a grand re-opening slated for 2027.  The changes were announced in October of 2023.  First, the museum's name was changed from the Museum of the Cherokee Indian to the Museum of the Cherokee People, a nod toward unification of the Eastern band with the other branches of the Cherokee located in Oklahoma.  Plans were also announced for renovating the current facility and for constructing a new collections and storage facility.  The Museum opened in 1948, one of the first tribal museums in the country.  The last major renovations of the facility and exhibits occurred in 1998, so updating and renovating is due, but the leadership of the the museum and of the tribe also decided that it was high time to totally take over the story-telling, to make it more accurately and completely reflective of the Cherokees of all three groups (Eastern Band and two groups in Oklahoma). 





    The Museum will be open for all of this transition period, and leaders decided to do something really unique and innovative, I think, in the world of museums.  The exhibit spaces now have new signs posted throughout that explain the changes that are going to be made and the reasoning behind the changes.  The signs also raise questions for visitors to consider and to discuss ---questions about public history, the role of museums in society, and how the story should be told accurately.  We found the approach extremely engaging.



    While the exhibits are re-imagined in the main gallery of the museum, visitors will still be able to learn about Cherokee history and culture before and after European contact and through the Trail of Tears period, but there will also be temporary exhibitions to enjoy.  During our visit, there was an exhibit of contemporary pottery and an exhibit called sov·er·eign·ty: Expressions in Sovereignty of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians." an exhibition that illuminates the complexities of tribal sovereignty and is designed to educate visitors about the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians’ autonomy, its relationship with the federal government, and how the tribe has defined its own relationship with its land, people and culture.